Hallucinogens, often referred to as psychedelics, are a class of drugs known for their profound impact on perception, mood and thought. These substances can alter an individual's awareness of their surroundings, thoughts and feelings. While some people use hallucinogens for spiritual or recreational purposes, their use carries significant risks, including potential mental health issues and harmful behaviors.
Commonly used psychedelics
LSD (Lysergic Acid Diethylamide). Alters perception, mood and thought. Users may experience visual hallucinations, an altered sense of time, and synesthesia (mixing of senses). Effects typically last 8-12 hours.
Psilocybin (magic mushrooms). Similar to LSD, including euphoria, visual and mental hallucinations, changes in perception, a distorted sense of time and spiritual experiences. Effects usually last 4-6 hours.
MDMA (Molly/ecstasy). Increased energy, pleasure, emotional warmth and distorted sensory and time perception. It's often associated with dance parties, concerts and clubs. Effects last 3-6 hours.
DMT (Dimethyltryptamine). Intense visual and auditory hallucinations, out-of-body experiences and altered perceptions of time and space. Effects are short-lived, typically lasting 15-45 minutes.
Mescaline (Peyote and San Pedro cactus). Visual hallucinations, altered thinking processes and changes in time perception. Mescaline also induces a heightened sense of introspection and connection to surroundings. Effects can last 10-12 hours.
Signs and symptoms of psychedelic use
Identifying someone under the influence of hallucinogens can be challenging, but there are common signs and symptoms to watch for:
Dilated pupils
Increased heart rate and blood pressure
Sweating
Tremors or uncoordinated movements
Erratic behavior
Talking about seeing or hearing things that aren't there (hallucinations)
Confusion or disorientation
Emotional swings or a sudden change in mood
Intense emotions (euphoria, fear, paranoia)
Altered sense of time (feeling time is moving slowly or quickly)
Distorted reality or sense of self
Synesthesia (hearing colors or seeing sounds)
Treatment options
Treatment for hallucinogen use varies depending on the substance, frequency of use and individual needs.
In cases of acute intoxication, ensuring the person's safety is paramount. This may involve providing a calm environment and reassurance until the drug's effects wear off. Medical intervention may be necessary if the individual experiences severe symptoms like extreme agitation, paranoia or psychosis.
Although hallucinogens are not typically associated with physical dependence, some individuals may benefit from a period of detoxification under medical supervision, particularly if they have been using multiple substances.
There are no specific medications approved for treating hallucinogen use disorders. However, medications may be prescribed to manage symptoms of co-occurring mental health conditions, such as anxiety or depression.
Seeking professional help is a crucial step. Long-term recovery often requires ongoing support and aftercare, including regular therapy sessions, participation in support groups, and developing healthy coping mechanisms.
